Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
185 practice questions
Topics covered
- Types of formula for organic molecules19 practice questions
- General formulae18 practice questions
- Displayed formulae19 practice questions
- Naming organic compounds19 practice questions
- Coding for the type of compound19 practice questions
- Coding for branched chains19 practice questions
- Structural isomerism in the alkanes19 practice questions
- A quick introductory look at the alcohols20 practice questions
- Some chemical reactions of organic compounds21 practice questions
Practice questions
21–30 of 31 · Hard
Question 21
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Explain why it is not possible to have a structural isomer of methane (CH4).
Question 22
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →The compound 2-methylpropan-1-ol is an example of an alcohol.
Describe how the suffix in its name shows it is an alcohol.
Question 23
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →This question is about alcohols.
(a)[1 mark]State the functional group present in all alcohols.
(b)[1 mark]Give the displayed formula for the functional group found in alcohols.
(c)[2 marks]A student draws the following structural formula:
Identify the functional group in this compound and describe its role in classifying this molecule as an alcohol.
(d)[1 mark]Explain why different alcohols have similar chemical properties, referring to their structure.
Question 24
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →A student notices that the names of several compounds below all end in '-ol':
methanol, propanol, butanol
Explain what the suffix '-ol' shows about these compounds. Give a reason for your answer.
Question 25
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Butan-2-ol reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. State and explain the type of reaction that occurs.
Question 26
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →The following reactions involve organic compounds. Answer all parts.
(a)[1 mark]Classify the reaction:
(b)[1 mark]State the reason for your answer in part (a).
(c)[1 mark]Classify the reaction:
(d)[1 mark]State the reason for your answer in part (c).
(e)[1 mark]Classify the reaction:
Question 27
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State the type of reaction and give a reason:
Question 28
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →This question is about both the coding for the type of organic compound and the coding for side (branched) chains.
(a)[2 marks]State what is meant by an organic compound, and name two main classes of organic compounds.
(b)[2 marks]The compound 3-ethylpentane has a branched carbon chain.
Draw the skeletal formula for 3-ethylpentane.
(c)Explain how the name '3-ethylpentane' shows information about:
(i)[1 mark]the number of carbons in the main chain,
(ii)[1 mark]the type of compound,
(iii)[1 mark]the side chain and its position.
Question 29
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →This question involves both the type of compound and the naming of branched alkanes, including side chain positions.
(a)[2 marks]Name the type of compound shown by the ending 'ane' in '2-methylpropane'. State what this ending tells you about the bonds between the carbon atoms.
(b)[4 marks]Give the IUPAC name for the following structure, showing all working:
Displayed formula for a hydrocarbon Step 1: Identify the longest chain.
Step 2: Determine the position and type of side chain(s).
Step 3: Write the systematic name.
(c)[1 mark]Describe how the rules for naming branched alkanes make sure that side chain positions are coded clearly.
Question 30
8 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Hexanol is an organic compound containing 6 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
(a)[3 marks]Explain what is meant by structural isomerism in the alkanes, using hexane (C6H14) as an example.
(b)[1 mark]State the functional group present in all alcohols.
(c)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for one possible structural isomer of hexanol.
(d)[2 marks]The name of an alcohol ends with the suffix ‘-ol’. Explain how the suffix '-ol' is used in naming alcohols, and apply it to the compound you drew in part (c).