Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
185 practice questions
Topics covered
- Types of formula for organic molecules19 practice questions
- General formulae18 practice questions
- Displayed formulae19 practice questions
- Naming organic compounds19 practice questions
- Coding for the type of compound19 practice questions
- Coding for branched chains19 practice questions
- Structural isomerism in the alkanes19 practice questions
- A quick introductory look at the alcohols20 practice questions
- Some chemical reactions of organic compounds21 practice questions
Practice questions
181–185 of 185
Question 181
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →(a)[2 marks]Butene and butanol are both organic compounds. Draw the displayed formula for butanol.
(b)[2 marks]Explain how you use the structure to identify the correct IUPAC name for butanol.
(c)[2 marks]Describe one key difference in the structure and naming between butene and butanol.
Question 182
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →This question is about both the coding for the type of organic compound and the coding for side (branched) chains.
(a)[2 marks]State what is meant by an organic compound, and name two main classes of organic compounds.
(b)[2 marks]The compound 3-ethylpentane has a branched carbon chain.
Draw the skeletal formula for 3-ethylpentane.
(c)Explain how the name '3-ethylpentane' shows information about:
(i)[1 mark]the number of carbons in the main chain,
(ii)[1 mark]the type of compound,
(iii)[1 mark]the side chain and its position.
Question 183
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →This question involves both the type of compound and the naming of branched alkanes, including side chain positions.
(a)[2 marks]Name the type of compound shown by the ending 'ane' in '2-methylpropane'. State what this ending tells you about the bonds between the carbon atoms.
(b)[4 marks]Give the IUPAC name for the following structure, showing all working:
Displayed formula for a hydrocarbon Step 1: Identify the longest chain.
Step 2: Determine the position and type of side chain(s).
Step 3: Write the systematic name.
(c)[1 mark]Describe how the rules for naming branched alkanes make sure that side chain positions are coded clearly.
Question 184
8 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Hexanol is an organic compound containing 6 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
(a)[3 marks]Explain what is meant by structural isomerism in the alkanes, using hexane (C6H14) as an example.
(b)[1 mark]State the functional group present in all alcohols.
(c)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for one possible structural isomer of hexanol.
(d)[2 marks]The name of an alcohol ends with the suffix ‘-ol’. Explain how the suffix '-ol' is used in naming alcohols, and apply it to the compound you drew in part (c).
Question 185
8 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Organic chemists use systematic naming to identify complex molecules. The rules for the type of compound and for branched chains must both be followed for names to be correct.
(a)[3 marks]State the name given to the type of compound with the structure shown below. Explain which features of the structure identify this type.
Displayed formula for a compound. (b)A branch is added to the compound in part (a) by replacing one of the hydrogen atoms on the second carbon (counting from the left) with an ethyl group (–CH2CH3).
i) Draw the full displayed formula for the new compound.
ii) Using the rules for branched chains and the type of compound, write the full systematic (IUPAC) name for your structure.
(i)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for the molecule described.
(ii)[3 marks]Give the IUPAC name for the compound you have drawn, following the rules for branched chains.