Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Section
Making a polyester
19 practice questions
Practice questions
11–19 of 19
Question 11
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A polyester is formed from 10 molecules of butane-1,4-diol (HOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH) and 10 molecules of hexane-1,6-dioic acid (HOOCCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2COOH). Calculate the number of water molecules produced when these monomers react completely to form one long polyester chain.
Question 12
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Explain why a polyester molecule contains ester groups and describe how these groups are formed during polymerisation.
Question 13
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The table shows the properties of two polyesters.
Properties of Polyesters A and B Polyester Monomers Used Melting Point / C Tensile Strength A ethane-1,2-diol + benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid 258 High B propane-1,3-diol + benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid 140 Medium (a)[2 marks]State one similarity and one difference in the monomers used to make Polyesters A and B.
(b)[2 marks]Using the data in the table, suggest a reason for the difference in melting point between Polyester A and Polyester B.
Question 14
1 mark · Normal
Answer and check →Which of the following statements about polyesters is correct?
- A.Polyesters are formed by addition polymerisation of alkenes.
- B.Polyesters are made from diols and dicarboxylic acids by condensation polymerisation.
- C.Only one type of monomer is needed to form a polyester.
- D.No water is lost when making a polyester.
Question 15
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Give one everyday use of polyesters and state one property of polyesters that makes them suitable for this use.
Question 16
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →(a)[2 marks]Write a balanced chemical equation using structural formulae for the reaction between ethane-1,2-diol (HOCH2CH2OH) and butane-1,4-dioic acid (HOOCCH2CH2CH2COOH) to form a polyester and water.
(b)[2 marks]Explain why the product formed is called a polyester.
Question 17
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State the names of the two functional groups present in the monomers that react together to form a polyester. For each group, state the name of the organic compound type it is found on (use "diol" or "dicarboxylic acid").
Question 18
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →The polymerisation of propane-1,3-diol and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid forms a polyester. Propane-1,3-diol has the formula and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid has the formula .
(a)[2 marks]Draw the structural formula of both monomers.
(b)[1 mark]Explain why water is eliminated when the two monomers react to form the polyester.
(c)[1 mark]State one everyday use of polyesters produced in this way.
(d)[1 mark]Name the type of polymerisation that occurs and give one reason for this classification.
Question 19
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Describe the main structural features that all polyesters have in common. Suggest why these features are important for the properties and uses of polyesters.