Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Unit
Organic Chemistry
785 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
81–90 of 335 · Normal
Question 81
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →State what crude oil is and name the two elements found in all hydrocarbons in crude oil.
Question 82
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil and its products can cause environmental harm. Answer all parts.
(a)[1 mark]State one gas released from burning hydrocarbons that causes acid rain.
(b)[1 mark]Explain how acid rain is formed from the burning of hydrocarbons.
(c)[1 mark]Describe one effect of acid rain on the environment.
(d)[1 mark]Apart from acid rain, state one other problem caused by burning hydrocarbons.
Question 83
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil takes millions of years to form. Suppose a layer of organic material is buried under sediment for 60 million years. If the process began 350 million years ago, calculate how many years ago the crude oil finished forming. Show your working.
Question 84
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Explain why crude oil can be separated by physical methods, and not by chemical methods.
Question 85
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A table below shows the amount of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide released by burning different fuels:
Fuel Sulfur dioxide released (g) Carbon dioxide released (g) Petrol 7 115 Diesel 20 124 Natural gas 0 95 (a)[1 mark]Which fuel releases the most sulfur dioxide? State your answer.
(b)[1 mark]Which fuel produces no sulfur dioxide? State your answer.
(c)[1 mark]Suggest one environmental problem caused by the fuel that releases the most carbon dioxide.
(d)[1 mark]Explain why environmental authorities may prefer natural gas over diesel.
Question 86
1 mark · Normal
Answer and check →Which statement best describes how crude oil forms?
- A.It forms rapidly when magma cools on the Earth's surface.
- B.It develops from the soft tissue of sea plants and animals buried under sediment over millions of years.
- C.It is created by freezing natural gas in the Arctic regions.
- D.It is made in laboratories by combining carbon and hydrogen gases.
Question 87
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Give two differences between small and large hydrocarbon molecules found in crude oil.
Question 88
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Burning fuels from crude oil can cause environmental problems. Answer all parts.
(a)[1 mark]State one pollutant formed when sulfur-containing hydrocarbons are burned.
(b)[1 mark]Describe how this pollutant can harm the environment.
(c)[1 mark]Suggest one method to reduce the formation of this pollutant.
(d)[1 mark]Explain why replacing large hydrocarbon fuels with smaller ones can reduce air pollution.
Question 89
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →State how the boiling point and viscosity of hydrocarbons change as the length of their carbon chain increases.
Question 90
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Each fraction contains hydrocarbons of different chain lengths.
(a)[2 marks]Name one fraction obtained from crude oil and state a common use for this fraction.
(b)[2 marks]Describe two ways in which the physical properties of the hydrocarbons in this fraction differ from those in the fraction with the largest molecules.