Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Unit
Organic Chemistry
785 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
771–780 of 785
Question 771
7 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Answer all parts about reactions of hydrocarbons with halogens. You may use displayed formulae or structural formulae where needed.
(a)[2 marks]Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between ethane and chlorine, naming the type of reaction.
(b)[3 marks]Draw and name the two possible mono-bromo isomers formed when propane reacts with bromine under UV light.
(c)[2 marks]But-2-ene (C4H8) can also react with bromine. Draw the structure of one product formed, and name the type of reaction.
Question 772
7 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Answer all parts about the formulas and physical properties of alkanes and alkenes.
(a)[2 marks]State the general formula for alkanes and for alkenes.
(b)[2 marks]Explain what is meant by a homologous series.
(c)[3 marks]For an alkene and an alkane both with four carbon atoms, compare their physical state at room temperature and explain any similarities or differences.
Question 773
7 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →This question is about esterification and addition polymers. Read the question carefully and answer all parts.
(a)[2 marks]Draw the structural formula of the ester formed when methanol reacts with propanoic acid.
(b)[1 mark]State the type of reaction that occurs during ester formation.
(c)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for the repeat unit of poly(propene).
(d)[2 marks]Explain briefly why addition polymers like poly(propene) are described as non-biodegradable.
Question 774
7 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →The compound propyl ethanoate is formed by the reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid.
(a)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula of propyl ethanoate.
(b)[1 mark]Name the alcohol and carboxylic acid you would react to make propyl ethanoate.
(c)[2 marks]The polymer poly(propene) is used for making ropes and crates. Below is a section of the polymer chain:
Draw the structure of the monomer that is used to make poly(propene).
(d)[2 marks]Deduce the number of carbon atoms in the repeat unit of poly(propene) and explain your reasoning.
Question 775
8 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The displayed formulae of simple hydrocarbons can be used to understand their properties and uses.
(a)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for but-1-ene.
(b)[2 marks]State the typical number of bonds formed by: (i) carbon (ii) hydrogen (iii) oxygen (iv) chlorine
(c)[2 marks]Fractional distillation of crude oil separates hydrocarbon molecules by their size. Explain why refinery gases rise to the top of the column while bitumen is collected at the bottom.
(d)[2 marks]State one common use for (i) refinery gas and (ii) bitumen.
Question 776
8 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The table below shows properties and displayed formulae for four organic compounds (A, B, C, D).
(a)Table 1: Displayed formulae and boiling points of compounds Compound Displayed Formula Boiling Point (°C) A H–C–C–H (each C with 2 H, straight chain) -161 B H H | | H–C–C–C–H | | H H (each C with correct H count) -42 C H H | | H–C=C–H | | H H -104 D H H | | H–C–C–O–H | | H H 78 Use the table to answer the questions below.
(i)[1 mark]State the type of molecule represented by compound A. How many carbon and hydrogen atoms are in one molecule?
(ii)[2 marks]Identify the compound that belongs to the alcohol homologous series. Give one feature from the displayed formula that confirms this.
(iii)[2 marks]For compound B, describe its molecular structure using the displayed formula. How many single covalent bonds are present?
(iv)[3 marks]Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Based on the boiling points in the table, which compound would be collected at the top of the fractionating column and which at the bottom? Explain your reasoning.
Question 777
8 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Answer all parts.
(a)[2 marks]Give the IUPAC name for the compound with the displayed formula:
Displayed formula: (straight chain) (b)[1 mark]Refinery gases are produced during the separation of crude oil. Name one typical use of refinery gases.
(c)[2 marks]The compound below has a side chain. Use IUPAC conventions to name it.
Displayed formula (side chain on third carbon): (d)[3 marks]Refinery gases, gasoline and other fractions are obtained from crude oil by a particular process. Name this process and briefly describe how compounds are separated during it.
Question 778
8 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The hydrocarbon octane, C8H18, is a major component of gasoline (petrol). Gasoline is mainly used as a fuel in cars.
(a)[1 mark]State what organic chemistry is the study of.
(b)[1 mark]Name the homologous series to which octane belongs.
(c)[2 marks]Explain how the name 'octane' shows the number of carbon atoms in each molecule, including the code used for the chain length.
(d)[2 marks]Complete the equation for the complete combustion of octane (C8H18). State the formulae of all products.
(e)[2 marks]State one typical use of gasoline and explain why its properties make it suitable for this use.
Question 779
8 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →This question is about the structures of alcohols and carboxylic acids.
(a)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for propan-1-ol.
(b)[2 marks]Draw the displayed formula for propanoic acid.
(c)[1 mark]Give the molecular formula for butan-1-ol.
(d)[1 mark]How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of methanoic acid?
(e)[2 marks]Explain in one sentence how the name of an alcohol or a carboxylic acid indicates the number of carbon atoms in the molecule.
Question 780
8 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →This question is about the IUPAC naming of alcohols and carboxylic acids.
(a)[2 marks]State the IUPAC (systematic) name for the alcohol with structural formula CH3CH(OH)CH3.
(b)[2 marks]Give the IUPAC (systematic) name for the carboxylic acid with the displayed formula:
Displayed formula for CH3CH2COOH (c)[2 marks]Give the name and the correct IUPAC name for the alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2CH2OH.
(d)[1 mark]State the name of the main component of vinegar.
(e)[1 mark]Why does propanoic acid not require a number in its IUPAC name, while alcohols such as propanol often do?