Other alkaline solutions
3 marks · EasyThe following table shows the formulae of several acids. Use the table to answer the questions below.
| Acid | Formula |
|---|---|
| Hydrochloric acid | HCl |
| Nitric acid | HNO₃ |
| Sulfuric acid | H₂SO₄ |
| Phosphoric acid | H₃PO₄ |
| Ethanoic acid | CH₃COOH |
Identify the ion that all acids in the table produce when dissolved in water.
State the chemical symbol and charge of this ion.
Explain, using the formulae in the table, how you know that each acid can form this ion.
Work this out on paper, then compare with the answer and worked solution below. With a free account you can submit written answers for marking.
Show answer
(a) hydrogen ion
(b) H^+
(c) Each acid formula contains at least one hydrogen atom, which is released as an ion (H^+) when the acid dissolves in water.
Show mark scheme and worked solution
Marking points
B1 (a) · 1 mark · Correctly names the hydrogen ion as produced by all acids.
B2 (b) · 1 mark · Gives correct chemical symbol and charge: H^+.
B3 (c) · 1 mark · States that each acid has hydrogen in its formula, which becomes H^+ when dissolved in water. Alternative: States each formula shows H atoms that are released as ions.
Worked solution
a) All acids in the table produce the hydrogen ion.
b) The chemical symbol and charge of this ion is H^+.
c) Each formula in the table contains hydrogen (H), which is released as H^+ when the acid dissociates in water.