Reactions of acids
3 marks · EasyAnswer the following questions about acids and bases in terms of proton transfer.
Define an acid in terms of proton transfer.
Define a base in terms of proton transfer.
State whether ammonia (NH₃) acts as an acid or a base when it reacts with hydrogen chloride gas. Explain your answer in terms of proton transfer.
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(a) Acid is a proton donor.
(b) Base is a proton acceptor.
(c) Base; ammonia accepts a proton from hydrogen chloride.
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Marking points
B1 (a) · 1 mark · Correctly defines acid as a proton donor.
B2 (b) · 1 mark · Correctly defines base as proton acceptor.
B3 (c) · 1 mark · Identifies ammonia as a base and explains it accepts a proton.
Worked solution
a) An acid is a substance that donates a proton (H⁺ ion) in a reaction.
b) A base is a substance that accepts a proton (H⁺ ion) in a reaction.
c) Ammonia acts as a base because it accepts a proton from hydrogen chloride.