Making sodium, potassium and ammonium salts
2 marks · EasyA student wants to prepare ammonium sulfate by titrating ammonium hydroxide ( ) with sulfuric acid ( ).
Write the balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
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Must show: Balanced chemical equation relating ammonium hydroxide and sulfuric acid to ammonium sulfate and water, States of matter for each reactant and product shown as (aq) for solutions and (l) for water
Also accept: 2NH4OH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → (NH4)2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l); 2 \ce{NH_3(aq)} + 2 \ce{H_2O(l)} + \ce{H_2SO_4(aq)} \rightarrow (\ce{NH_4})_2\ce{SO_4(aq)} + 2\ce{H_2O(l)}
Common mistakes: Incorrect balancing (for example, using 1 mol of NH4OH instead of 2); Omitting states or using incorrect formula for ammonium sulfate; Writing 'NH3(aq)' instead of 'NH4OH(aq)' (but allow as an alternative if equation is balanced)
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Marking points
M1 · 1 mark · Correct formulae for all reactants and products (including state symbols, as provided in the question).
A1 · 1 mark · Balanced chemical equation (stoichiometry correct for all species).
Worked solution
The chemical reaction between ammonium hydroxide and sulfuric acid forms ammonium sulfate and water.