Some chemical reactions of organic compounds
3 marks · EasyClassify each reaction below as substitution, addition, or combustion. For each, briefly state the reason for your answer.
But-2-ene reacts with hydrogen to form butane.
Methane reacts with fluorine to form fluoromethane and hydrogen fluoride.
Propanol burns in excess oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
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(a) Addition; hydrogen atoms add to but-2-ene with none removed. · must show Addition
(b) Substitution; H atom in methane is replaced by F. · must show Substitution
(c) Combustion; burning with oxygen forms carbon dioxide and water. · must show Combustion
Must show: Names correct type for each reaction, States logical chemical reason
Common mistakes: Calling combustion a substitution reaction
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Marking points
B1 (a) · 1 mark · Correctly classifies a as addition and provides a relevant reason.
B2 (b) · 1 mark · Correctly classifies b as substitution and gives a reason.
B3 (c) · 1 mark · Correctly classifies c as combustion and gives a reason.
Worked solution
a: Addition; hydrogen atoms are added across the double bond in but-2-ene. b: Substitution; one hydrogen atom in methane is replaced by fluorine. c: Combustion; propanol reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.