Synthetic Polymers
6 marks · NormalThe use and disposal of polymers is an important topic in chemistry. Answer the following structured questions.
State the two main methods used to dispose of addition polymers.
Explain why addition polymers, such as poly(propene), persist in the environment for a long time.
Complete the word equation for the formation of a polyester by condensation polymerisation:
Suggest one environmental benefit of using condensation polymers, like some polyesters, over addition polymers.
Work this out on paper, then compare with the answer and worked solution below. With a free account you can submit written answers for marking.
Show answer
(a) Landfill and incineration.
(b) Addition polymers have strong covalent bonds and are not biodegradable / not broken down by bacteria.
(c) polyester + water
(d) Some condensation polymers may biodegrade or be broken down more easily than addition polymers.
Show mark scheme and worked solution
Marking points
B1 (a) · 1 mark · Names both landfill and incineration as disposal methods.
B2 (b) · 1 mark · Mentions strong covalent bonds or non-biodegradability.
B3 (b) · 1 mark · Explains not broken down by bacteria or in the environment.
B4 (c) · 1 mark · Identifies polyester (or condensation polymer) as a product.
B5 (c) · 1 mark · Identifies water as the second product.
B6 (d) · 1 mark · States that some polyesters are biodegradable / can be broken down by bacteria.
Worked solution
a) The two main methods are landfill and incineration.
b) Addition polymers, such as poly(propene), persist because they have strong covalent bonds making them very stable and non-biodegradable. They are not broken down by bacteria, so remain unchanged for a long time.
c) Word equation: dicarboxylic acid + diol → polyester + water
d) Some condensation polymers can biodegrade or be broken down more easily, which may help reduce environmental pollution.