Catalysts in industry
2 marks · HardAmmonia is produced in the Haber process, which requires high temperatures and pressures. The process uses an iron catalyst.
Explain two ways that using a catalyst in the Haber process is important for the chemical industry.
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Also accept: Speeds up the reaction, so ammonia is produced faster OR allows more product to be made in the same time; allows the process to run at lower temperature/pressure, saving energy and reducing costs; makes the process more economical OR increases efficiency of production; Other relevant ways described in terms of rate, cost, or energy savings
Common mistakes: Only mentioning that a catalyst is used, without stating its importance; Giving unrelated reasons such as 'it increases yield' (catalyst does not affect yield)
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Marking points
B1 · 1 mark · States that a catalyst allows the reaction to happen faster OR faster production OR increased rate.
B2 · 1 mark · States that a catalyst allows lower temperature/pressure to be used OR saves energy/money for the industry OR improves economic efficiency.
Worked solution
Using a catalyst in the Haber process is important because:
1. The catalyst increases the rate of ammonia production, allowing more product to be made in a given time.
2. It allows the reaction to take place at lower temperatures and pressures, reducing energy requirements and saving money for industry.