Non-renewable energy resources
4 marks · NormalMost power stations using fossil fuels contribute to the release of greenhouse gases.
Explain what is meant by the greenhouse effect.
State one harmful consequence of the greenhouse effect for the planet.
Which fossil fuel produces the least carbon dioxide for the same energy output?
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(a) The greenhouse effect is the process where greenhouse gases trap heat from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to an increase in atmospheric temperature.
(b) Global warming or climate change or melting ice caps.
(c) Natural gas.
Common mistakes: Mixing up methane/natural gas terminology
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Marking points
B1 (a) · 2 marks · Description must include: 1 mark for mentioning greenhouse gases trapping heat/radiation, 1 mark for consequence of rising atmospheric temperature.
B2 (b) · 1 mark · Any valid harmful consequence, e.g. global warming, melting polar ice caps, changing climate.
B3 (c) · 1 mark · Correct identification of natural gas.
Worked solution
a) The greenhouse effect is when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat from the Sun, preventing it from escaping into space and causing the Earth's temperature to rise.
b) One consequence is global warming, leading to melting ice caps or climate change.
c) Natural gas produces the least carbon dioxide for the same energy output.