Properties of the different states of matter
2 marks · NormalWhy do particles in a solid only vibrate rather than move freely? Explain your answer in terms of the forces between the particles.
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The particles in a solid are held in fixed positions by strong forces between them, so they cannot move freely and can only vibrate about these positions.
Common mistakes: Not mentioning strong forces between particles; Only saying particles are closely packed
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Marking points
M1 · 1 mark · Mentions strong forces hold particles in fixed positions.
A1 · 1 mark · Explains that particles can only vibrate, not move freely, because of these forces.
Worked solution
In solids, the particles are held together by strong forces in a fixed pattern. These forces are so strong that the particles cannot move around; they can only vibrate about their fixed positions.