Supply and demand
3 marks · EasyThe demand for electricity in a country increases significantly during cold winters.
Explain one reason for this increase.
Name one type of power station that cannot respond quickly to increases in demand.
Describe what the electricity grid operators do to make sure enough electricity is available at cold times.
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(a) People use more heating and lighting in winter.
(b) Nuclear power station
(c) They plan ahead and use power stations (like gas-fired or hydroelectric) that can quickly increase supply.
Common mistakes: Nuclear power stations respond quickly for b; Grid does nothing for c
Show mark scheme and worked solution
Marking points
B1 (a) · 1 mark · Explains winter means more heating/lighting demand
B2 (b) · 1 mark · Names a slow-responding station, e.g., nuclear
B3 (c) · 1 mark · Describes grid operators plan ahead/use fast power stations
Worked solution
a) There is more demand for electricity for heating and lighting in winter. b) Nuclear power stations cannot respond quickly to increased demand. c) Operators plan in advance and use gas-fired or hydroelectric stations to meet the extra demand.