Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · PHYSICS · Unit
Solids, Liquids and Gases
279 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
101–110 of 144 · Normal
Question 101
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A student heats a beaker of ice at -10 °C. The temperature is measured every minute and the following readings are recorded:
Temperature of Ice/Water Over Time Time (min) Temperature (°C) 0 -10 2 -5 4 0 8 0 10 10 (a)[3 marks]Describe the changes in the state of the substance over the 10 minutes.
(b)[2 marks]Explain why the temperature remains at 0 °C from 4 to 8 minutes, even though energy is still being supplied.
(c)[1 mark]Using the particle model, describe what happens to the arrangement and movement of particles during this period.
Question 102
7 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A student uses an electric heater to warm a metal block from room temperature. The temperature of the block is recorded every minute. After some time, the block begins to melt.
(a)[3 marks]Describe how the arrangement and motion of the particles in the block change as it is heated and melts.
(b)[3 marks]When the temperature is rising, the student records a temperature change of 24 °C for a 0.4 kg block. The heater supplies 8400 J of energy during this time. Calculate the specific heat capacity (c) of the metal.
(c)[1 mark]Explain why the temperature remains constant while the block is melting, even though the heater is still supplying energy.
Question 103
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →In an experiment to find the specific heat capacity of a liquid, the following apparatus is set up:
Apparatus for specific heat capacity experiment The experiment is performed twice with the same mass of liquid but different power outputs of the heater. The following data is collected:
Experimental data Trial Mass (kg) ΔT (°C) Heater Power (W) Time (s) 1 0.5 20 40 400 2 0.5 15 50 300 (a)[1 mark]Write down the equation needed to calculate the specific heat capacity of the liquid from the energy supplied and the temperature change.
(b)[3 marks]Calculate the specific heat capacity from the data in Trial 1. Show your working.
(c)[2 marks]Suggest one practical reason why the values obtained in Trials 1 and 2 may not be exactly the same.
Question 104
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The diagrams below show the arrangement of particles in three different states of matter.
Arrangement of particles in three states of matter (a)[1 mark]Identify which numbered group of circles (1, 2 or 3) represents a gas.
(b)[2 marks]State two differences between the arrangement and movement of the particles in a solid and those in a gas.
(c)[1 mark]Explain why solids are not easily compressed.
Question 105
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Explain, using the particle model, how gas pressure is produced in a sealed container and how an increase in temperature affects the pressure.
Question 106
1 mark · Normal
Answer and check →Which statement best explains why liquids have a much higher density than gases?
- A.Particles in liquids are much closer together than in gases.
- B.Particles in liquids are moving faster than in gases.
- C.Particles in liquids are arranged in a regular pattern.
- D.Particles in liquids do not move.
Question 107
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →State the three main states of matter found on Earth and for each one give one property that distinguishes it from the other two.
Question 108
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Particle spacing and compressibility in different states State How close are particles? Easily compressed? Solid Very close together No Liquid Very close together No Gas Far apart Yes Use the table to compare and explain the reason for the compressibility of gases, solids and liquids.
Question 109
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Describe one similarity and one difference between the arrangement of particles in a liquid and a gas.
Question 110
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Why do particles in a solid only vibrate rather than move freely? Explain your answer in terms of the forces between the particles.