Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · PHYSICS · Unit
Solids, Liquids and Gases
279 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
71–80 of 144 · Normal
Question 71
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A diver descends to a depth of 25 m in the sea. The density of seawater is 1050 kg/m³.
(a)[2 marks]Calculate the increase in pressure on the diver at this depth due to the water alone. Use g = 10 N/kg. Give your answer in kPa.
(b)[2 marks]State and explain why the pressure inside the diver's air tank must be greater than the pressure at this depth.
Question 72
5 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A student is investigating the density of a small irregular-shaped stone. She records the following measurements:
Measurements taken by the student. Measurement Value Mass of stone 65 g Initial volume of water in measuring cylinder 85 cm³ Final volume of water + stone 107 cm³ (a)[1 mark]Calculate the volume of the stone.
(b)[2 marks]Calculate the density of the stone in g/cm³.
(c)[2 marks]If the stone is placed on a sandy surface and exerts a downward force equal to its weight, with a contact area of 1.3 cm², calculate the pressure (in Pa) the stone exerts on the sand. (Take g = 10 N/kg; 1 cm² = 0.0001 m²)
Question 73
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The diagram shows particles in three different states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas.
(a)[2 marks]Describe the arrangement and movement of particles in a solid.
(b)[2 marks]Explain why solids cannot be easily compressed, using ideas about particles.
Question 74
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →State one property that is shared by both liquids and gases, and describe how the particles in a liquid are arranged compared to a solid.
Question 75
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A 250 g block of copper is heated from 20 °C to 50 °C. The specific heat capacity of copper is 390 J/kg°C. Calculate the amount of energy supplied.
Question 76
1 mark · Normal
Answer and check →Which statement best describes the motion of particles in a gas?
- A.They vibrate in fixed positions.
- B.They slide past each other.
- C.They move rapidly and randomly in all directions.
- D.They are packed very closely in a regular pattern.
Question 77
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A student wants to compare how quickly different materials heat up when supplied with the same energy.
(a)[1 mark]Define specific heat capacity.
(b)[1 mark]Name one property, other than specific heat capacity, that should be kept the same for each material in the comparison.
(c)[2 marks]Explain, using the concept of specific heat capacity, why one material heats up more than another when both are supplied with the same amount of energy.
Question 78
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Table 1: Temperature change for materials A and B when 4,000 J of energy is supplied Material Mass (kg) Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg°C) Temperature increase (°C) A 0.5 800 10 B 0.5 400 20 (a)[1 mark]For material A, calculate the energy required to raise its temperature by 1 °C.
(b)[3 marks]Explain, using data from the table, why material B's temperature increases more than material A's when they are supplied with the same energy.
Question 79
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Describe what happens to the movement and arrangement of particles when a solid turns into a liquid as it is heated.
Question 80
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Describe one practical method to measure the specific heat capacity of a metal block in the laboratory. Outline at least three key steps.