Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Alcohols
130 practice questions
Topics covered
- Drawing and naming the alcohols21 practice questions
- Ethanol burns in air19 practice questions
- Ethanol can be oxidised by heating with potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid21 practice questions
- Making ethanol by fermentation19 practice questions
- Making ethanol by the hydration of ethene19 practice questions
- Comparing the two methods of producing ethanol20 practice questions
Practice questions
121–130 of 130
Question 121
5 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Methanol and ethanol are both alcohols used as fuels.
(a)[1 mark]State the IUPAC name for the alcohol with molecular formula CH4O.
(b)[2 marks]Explain how the –OH functional group in ethanol affects its chemical properties compared to alkanes.
(c)[2 marks]Describe what happens in the combustion of ethanol, including the products formed.
Question 122
5 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Ethanol can be used as a fuel. The equation for its complete combustion is:
(a)[1 mark]State the molecular formula of ethanol.
(b)[1 mark]How many moles of carbon dioxide are made from 1 mole of ethanol in complete combustion?
(c)[3 marks]Calculate the total number of oxygen atoms found in the water produced when 0.5 mol of ethanol burns completely. (Show your working.)
Question 123
5 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Alcohols are used as biofuels. This question is about naming alcohols and their reactions.
(a)[1 mark]Give the IUPAC name for the alcohol with the structural formula CH3CH2CH2OH.
(b)[1 mark]State the homologous series to which ethanol belongs.
(c)[2 marks]Write the word equation for the complete combustion of ethanol.
(d)[1 mark]State one advantage of using ethanol as a fuel.
Question 124
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Ethanol is an important organic compound with many uses, including as a fuel and a chemical feedstock.
(a)[1 mark]Describe one observable colour change when ethanol is oxidised by heating with potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid.
(b)[1 mark]Write a word equation for the oxidation reaction described in part (a).
(c)[2 marks]State the role of sulfuric acid in this oxidation reaction.
(d)[2 marks]Describe how ethanol can be produced by fermentation.
Question 125
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →A student carries out two experiments: (A) heating ethanol with potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid, and (B) producing ethanol by fermentation.
(a)[1 mark]In experiment A, state the colour change that occurs when ethanol is successfully oxidised.
(b)[1 mark]Name the final organic product formed in experiment A.
(c)[1 mark]In experiment B, yeast is added to a sugar solution. State one condition required to maximise ethanol production by fermentation.
(d)[3 marks]Complete the table below for each experiment.
Experiment Reactants Product A B Question 126
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The two main industrial sources of ethanoic acid are laboratory oxidation of ethanol and microbial fermentation to produce ethanol. The steps below investigate both processes.
(a)[3 marks]A laboratory technician oxidises 4.6 g of ethanol (CH2OH, molar mass = 46 g/mol) using excess potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid as the oxidising agent. Calculate the maximum mass of ethanoic acid (COOH, molar mass = 60 g/mol) that could be obtained.
(b)[1 mark]Explain the role of dilute sulfuric acid in the oxidation of ethanol with potassium dichromate(VI).
(c)[2 marks]Another technician produces ethanol by fermentation. State the conditions required for the fermentation of glucose to produce ethanol.
Question 127
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Ethanol can be prepared by fermentation or it can be oxidised in the laboratory.
(a)Describe how ethanol can be oxidised using potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid. Include what you would observe during the process.
(i)[1 mark]Describe the method used, including reagents and condition.
(ii)[1 mark]State the observable colour change that shows oxidation has occurred.
(iii)[1 mark]Name the organic product formed.
(b)Explain how ethanol can be produced by fermentation. Include two conditions that are essential for this process.
(i)[1 mark]State the process used and the starting material.
(ii)[2 marks]Give two conditions that ensure ethanol is produced, not other products.
Question 128
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Ethanol can be produced via different industrial methods. One method involves the hydration of ethene, and another involves fermentation of sugars.
(a)[1 mark]State the word equation for the hydration of ethene to form ethanol.
(b)[1 mark]Write the balanced symbol equation for this reaction.
(c)[2 marks]Fermentation is an alternative method for producing ethanol. List two advantages of using fermentation compared to hydration of ethene.
(d)[2 marks]State one disadvantage of ethanol production by fermentation and one disadvantage of ethanol production by hydration of ethene.
(e)[1 mark]Explain why some countries prefer one method over the other for ethanol production.
Question 129
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →The table shows two industrial methods for producing ethanol: hydration of ethene and fermentation of glucose.
(a)[3 marks]State the temperature, pressure and catalyst required for the hydration of ethene to make ethanol.
(b)[2 marks]Compare the energy requirements for the hydration of ethene and fermentation methods. Give one reason for the difference.
(c)[2 marks]State one advantage and one disadvantage of the hydration method compared to fermentation.
Question 130
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Only some of the ethene reacts in the industrial hydration process for ethanol.
(a)[2 marks]Describe how unreacted ethene is dealt with in the hydration of ethene process.
(b)[2 marks]Explain how this affects the efficiency of ethanol production.
(c)[3 marks]Compare one disadvantage and one advantage of recycling unreacted ethene in this process to fermentation methods.