Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Crude Oil
106 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
11–20 of 44 · Easy
Question 11
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →A scientist finds that a sample of kerosene starts to boil at 170 C, while a sample of diesel from the same crude oil boils at 280 C. Calculate the difference in boiling points between these two fractions.
Question 12
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Explain why smaller hydrocarbons are used as fuels more often than larger hydrocarbons.
Question 13
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →The table shows information about three fractions from crude oil.
(a)[1 mark]Hydrocarbon fractions from crude oil Fraction Approx. number of carbon atoms Boiling point (°C) Petroleum gas 4 −1 Diesel 16 260 Bitumen 70 over 350 Which fraction is most volatile?
(b)[2 marks]Describe the relationship between the number of carbon atoms and boiling point for these fractions.
Question 14
1 mark · Easy
Answer and see the solution →State the colour of hydrocarbon fractions with the largest molecules.
Question 15
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Fuel oil and gasoline (petrol) are both hydrocarbon fractions collected from crude oil.
(a)[1 mark]State which of the two fractions is expected to evaporate more quickly at room temperature.
(b)[2 marks]Give a reason for your answer to part (a).
Question 16
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →A sample of gasoline contains hydrocarbons with 8 carbon atoms per molecule. A sample of wax contains hydrocarbons with 30 carbon atoms per molecule. Calculate how many more carbon atoms per molecule are in wax than in gasoline.
Question 17
1 mark · Easy
Answer and see the solution →State the name of the process used to separate crude oil into fractions based on their different boiling points.
Question 18
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Methane is a hydrocarbon fuel. Answer the following questions about its combustion.
(a)[1 mark]Write a word equation for the complete combustion of methane.
(b)[1 mark]Give the names of the two products formed in this reaction.
(c)[1 mark]Explain why methane releases energy when it burns completely in air.
Question 19
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons can take place when there is insufficient oxygen available. Explain, using your knowledge of combustion, why incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons does not produce as much energy as complete combustion.
Question 20
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →The table below shows approximate boiling points for some fractions separated from crude oil using fractional distillation. Complete the table by filling in the missing fraction names.
Fraction Approximate Boiling Point (C) Refinery gases <40 ___ 40–180 Kerosene 180–260 ___ >350