Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Crude Oil
106 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
1–10 of 18 · Hard
Question 1
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Explain how burning fuels derived from crude oil can contribute to acid rain. Include the names of the main gases involved.
Question 2
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil formed over millions of years from the remains of organisms.
(a)[2 marks]Describe what happened to the dead sea plants and animals that led to the formation of crude oil.
(b)[2 marks]State two conditions necessary for crude oil to form from these remains.
(c)[1 mark]Explain why crude oil is considered a non-renewable resource.
Question 3
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State what crude oil is composed of. Name the two elements found in all hydrocarbons in crude oil.
Question 4
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State two changes in the physical properties of hydrocarbon fractions as the number of carbon atoms in their molecules increases.
Question 5
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Two fractions, A and B, are collected at different heights in the fractionating column.
(a)[2 marks]Fraction A consists of large hydrocarbon molecules, while fraction B consists of small hydrocarbon molecules. State which fraction is collected higher up the column. Give a reason for your answer.
(b)[2 marks]Describe how the physical properties (boiling point and viscosity) of fraction A compare to those of fraction B.
(c)[1 mark]Suggest one use for fraction B, based on its physical properties.
Question 6
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Explain why hydrocarbons with larger molecules are less useful as fuels than those with smaller molecules.
Question 7
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State the trend in boiling point and position within the fractionating column for hydrocarbons with increasing chain length, giving a reason for each.
Question 8
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Pentane (C₅H₁₂) is a hydrocarbon fuel.
(a)[2 marks]Write a balanced chemical equation, using formulae, for the complete combustion of pentane.
(b)The supply of oxygen is reduced so that incomplete combustion occurs.
(i)[2 marks]Name two products, other than water, that could be formed during incomplete combustion of pentane.
(ii)[1 mark]Explain why less heat is released during incomplete combustion than during complete combustion.
Question 9
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State two reasons why the fractions obtained from crude oil by fractional distillation are useful as fuels.
Question 10
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Refinery gases are separated out from crude oil in oil refineries. State one typical use of refinery gases for industry and one for the home.