Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Crude Oil
106 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
41–44 of 44 · Normal
Question 41
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is separated into different fractions in an oil refinery. Some of these fractions are used as fuels in daily life.
(a)[2 marks]Describe briefly how crude oil is separated into fractions in a refinery.
(b)[2 marks]Name two main fractions obtained from fractional distillation and state one typical use for each.
(c)[1 mark]Refinery gases are an important by-product at a refinery. State one use of refinery gases.
(d)[1 mark]Give the main use of gasoline in modern society.
Question 42
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Combustion reactions of hydrocarbons from different fractions have important uses.
(a)[1 mark]State two products formed when a hydrocarbon fuel undergoes complete combustion.
(b)[1 mark]Write a word or symbol equation for the complete combustion of methane.
(c)[2 marks]Explain why carbon monoxide is formed during incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons and why it is dangerous.
(d)[2 marks]Gasoline is commonly used as a fuel in cars. Explain why gasoline is suitable for this use.
Question 43
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The properties and uses of fuels produced from crude oil can affect both technology and human health.
(a)[3 marks]Explain why incomplete combustion of fuels can be more harmful to health than complete combustion.
(b)[2 marks]Suggest one reason why gasoline is preferred over diesel or kerosene as a fuel for most cars.
(c)[1 mark]Apart from car fuel, state one other use of the gasoline fraction.
Question 44
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation in an oil refinery. The lowest boiling point fraction is 'refinery gases', which contains a mixture of small hydrocarbons. Some of these gases are used domestically as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
Gasoline, another fraction, is mainly used as a fuel in cars.
(a)[2 marks]A refinery processes 50 tonnes of crude oil and produces 3 tonnes of refinery gases. Calculate the percentage by mass of refinery gases obtained from the crude oil. Give your answer to two significant figures.
(b)[4 marks]A house uses 18 kg of refinery gases (LPG) per week for heating and cooking.
Assuming the refinery gases produced in part (a) are supplied entirely for use as LPG, calculate the maximum number of houses that could be supplied for 1 year. (Take 1 year = 52 weeks).