Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Crude Oil
106 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
101–106 of 106
Question 101
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Combustion reactions of hydrocarbons from different fractions have important uses.
(a)[1 mark]State two products formed when a hydrocarbon fuel undergoes complete combustion.
(b)[1 mark]Write a word or symbol equation for the complete combustion of methane.
(c)[2 marks]Explain why carbon monoxide is formed during incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons and why it is dangerous.
(d)[2 marks]Gasoline is commonly used as a fuel in cars. Explain why gasoline is suitable for this use.
Question 102
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The properties and uses of fuels produced from crude oil can affect both technology and human health.
(a)[3 marks]Explain why incomplete combustion of fuels can be more harmful to health than complete combustion.
(b)[2 marks]Suggest one reason why gasoline is preferred over diesel or kerosene as a fuel for most cars.
(c)[1 mark]Apart from car fuel, state one other use of the gasoline fraction.
Question 103
6 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation in an oil refinery. The lowest boiling point fraction is 'refinery gases', which contains a mixture of small hydrocarbons. Some of these gases are used domestically as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
Gasoline, another fraction, is mainly used as a fuel in cars.
(a)[2 marks]A refinery processes 50 tonnes of crude oil and produces 3 tonnes of refinery gases. Calculate the percentage by mass of refinery gases obtained from the crude oil. Give your answer to two significant figures.
(b)[4 marks]A house uses 18 kg of refinery gases (LPG) per week for heating and cooking.
Assuming the refinery gases produced in part (a) are supplied entirely for use as LPG, calculate the maximum number of houses that could be supplied for 1 year. (Take 1 year = 52 weeks).
Question 104
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Fuels made from crude oil are widely used for transport and heating. The environmental impacts of using these fuels are an important concern.
(a)[3 marks]Explain how burning fuels obtained from crude oil can contribute to the formation of acid rain. In your answer, refer to any gases released and their effects.
(b)[2 marks]Name one use of kerosene and explain why air pollution from this use might be a concern in large cities.
(c)[2 marks]Describe one way that reducing the use of kerosene as a fuel could help the environment.
Question 105
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is essential to our way of life and one of its products, kerosene, is widely used.
(a)[3 marks]State what crude oil is mainly composed of, and explain what hydrocarbons are.
(b)[2 marks]Describe two properties of hydrocarbon molecules found in kerosene that make them suitable for use as fuel in jet engines.
(c)[2 marks]Give one typical use of kerosene.
Question 106
7 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is an important natural resource formed over millions of years and separated into different fractions for various uses, including kerosene.
(a)[3 marks]Describe the process by which crude oil forms from ancient sea plants and animals over millions of years. Include two different physical factors essential to this process.
(b)[2 marks]State what kerosene is used for. Give two different uses.
(c)[2 marks]Explain why kerosene, as a fraction of crude oil, is useful for these applications, referring to its physical properties.