Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
Crude Oil
106 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
21–30 of 106
Question 21
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →The table shows two hydrocarbon fractions obtained from crude oil.
(a)[1 mark]Hydrocarbon fractions Fraction Approx. number of carbon atoms Fuel gas 3 Lubricating oil 20 Which fraction is more viscous?
(b)[2 marks]Explain your answer to part (a).
Question 22
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →A scientist finds that a sample of kerosene starts to boil at 170 C, while a sample of diesel from the same crude oil boils at 280 C. Calculate the difference in boiling points between these two fractions.
Question 23
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Explain why smaller hydrocarbons are used as fuels more often than larger hydrocarbons.
Question 24
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →The table shows information about three fractions from crude oil.
(a)[1 mark]Hydrocarbon fractions from crude oil Fraction Approx. number of carbon atoms Boiling point (°C) Petroleum gas 4 −1 Diesel 16 260 Bitumen 70 over 350 Which fraction is most volatile?
(b)[2 marks]Describe the relationship between the number of carbon atoms and boiling point for these fractions.
Question 25
1 mark · Easy
Answer and see the solution →State the colour of hydrocarbon fractions with the largest molecules.
Question 26
3 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →Fuel oil and gasoline (petrol) are both hydrocarbon fractions collected from crude oil.
(a)[1 mark]State which of the two fractions is expected to evaporate more quickly at room temperature.
(b)[2 marks]Give a reason for your answer to part (a).
Question 27
2 marks · Easy
Answer and see the solution →A sample of gasoline contains hydrocarbons with 8 carbon atoms per molecule. A sample of wax contains hydrocarbons with 30 carbon atoms per molecule. Calculate how many more carbon atoms per molecule are in wax than in gasoline.
Question 28
2 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →State how the boiling point and viscosity of hydrocarbons change as the length of their carbon chain increases.
Question 29
4 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →Crude oil is separated into fractions by fractional distillation. Each fraction contains hydrocarbons of different chain lengths.
(a)[2 marks]Name one fraction obtained from crude oil and state a common use for this fraction.
(b)[2 marks]Describe two ways in which the physical properties of the hydrocarbons in this fraction differ from those in the fraction with the largest molecules.
Question 30
3 marks · Normal
Answer and see the solution →The boiling points of fractions from crude oil are related to the number of carbon atoms in their molecules.
Boiling points of two hydrocarbon fractions Fraction Typical Number of Carbon Atoms Boiling Point (°C) Gasoline (petrol) 8 110 Diesel 15 260 (a)[3 marks]Calculate the increase in boiling point per additional carbon atom between these two fractions.