Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter
States of Matter
102 practice questions
Topics covered
Practice questions
1–10 of 16 · Hard
Question 1
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Describe one way in which the arrangement of particles in a liquid differs from that in a gas, and one way the movement of the particles differs.
Question 2
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →The diagram shows three containers, each containing a different state of a substance at the same temperature.
Diagram representing solids, liquids, and gases (not to scale). (a)[1 mark]Give the letter for the container that shows the correct particle arrangement for a solid.
(b)[1 mark]Describe the movement of the particles in the container you identified in part (a).
(c)[2 marks]Explain, using the particle model, why the arrangement of particles in a gas allows a gas to fill any container.
(d)[1 mark]State one reason, based on particle movement, why liquids can flow but solids cannot.
Question 3
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Explain, using the particle model, why solids have a fixed shape and gases do not.
Question 4
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →A student explains that when a liquid is boiled, only the temperature of the liquid changes. Using particle theory, explain why this statement is incorrect.
Question 5
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →A sealed glass tube contains substance Y as a solid at −10 °C. The tube is slowly warmed to 90 °C. The melting point of Y is 12 °C and its boiling point is 80 °C.
(a)[1 mark]Name the state change that occurs when substance Y is heated from −10 °C to 20 °C.
(b)[1 mark]State the name of the process when Y changes from liquid at 75 °C to a gas at 85 °C.
(c)[1 mark]What is the name of the reverse process of the state change in part (b)?
(d)[2 marks]Explain, using particle theory, what happens to the arrangement and movement of the particles as Y changes from solid at −10 °C to liquid at 20 °C.
Question 6
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Describe, using particle theory, what happens to the forces between particles and their movement when a gas is cooled to become a liquid.
Question 7
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →A laboratory tube is filled at one end with nitrogen gas and at the other end with a coloured gas, chlorine. After some time, the green colour of chlorine spreads along the tube but it takes a few hours until the colour is even throughout.
Explain, using the particle model, why the spreading takes much longer than if chlorine particles could travel in a straight line from one end to the other.
Question 8
5 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →A student investigates the rate of diffusion of hydrogen and air using the apparatus shown. In a sealed glass tube, a small amount of hydrogen is released at one end and air at the other. After some time, the gases mix completely.
(a)[2 marks]Describe, using the particle model, how the hydrogen and air particles move inside the tube during diffusion.
(b)[1 mark]Suggest one reason, in terms of particles, why hydrogen diffuses faster than air.
(c)[2 marks]The tube is cooled to a much lower temperature. Predict and explain the effect this will have on the rate of diffusion, using ideas about particle movement.
Question 9
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →Explain why, when perfume is sprayed in one corner of a large room, the scent is eventually noticed everywhere in the room. Include reference to the movement of gas particles.
Question 10
2 marks · Hard
Answer and see the solution →State the difference between a solution and a saturated solution, as used in chemistry.