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Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9–1) · CHEMISTRY · Chapter

States of Matter

102 practice questions

Start practising (102 questions)

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Practice questions

101–102 of 102

  1. Question 101

    6 marks · Normal

    A teacher asks the class to consider a scenario: 'Chlorine gas and a solid sugar cube are each placed in the opposite ends of two sealed glass tubes filled with air. Both tubes are left for several hours at room temperature.'

    (a)

    Explain what happens to the chlorine gas in terms of diffusion.

    [2 marks]
    (b)

    Describe what would happen to the sugar cube over time and give a reason using particle ideas.

    [2 marks]
    (c)

    State what is meant by a solution, referring to both the sugar experiment and the key terms 'solute' and 'solvent.'

    [2 marks]
    Answer and see the solution →

  2. Question 102

    8 marks · Hard

    A student is investigating the solubility of a salt, ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃), in water. They perform an experiment and obtain the following results:

    (a)
    Experimental masses
    ItemMass / g
    Empty evaporating basin26.47
    Evaporating basin + solution62.12
    Evaporating basin + dry crystals40.11

    Using the results above, calculate the solubility of ammonium nitrate at 35°C in g per 100g of water.

    (i)

    Calculate the mass of crystals and mass of water used.

    [1 mark]
    (ii)

    Calculate the solubility (g per 100g of water).

    [2 marks]
    (b)

    The student repeats this experiment at different temperatures and obtains the following solubility data:

    Temperature/°CSolubility / g per 100g water
    1065
    2077
    3598
    55138

    Explain, using your result from part (a), how the student could check that their measurement at 35°C fits the trend shown by the other data points. What pattern would you expect to see on a solubility curve for this salt?

    (i)

    What does the solubility curve show about the relationship between temperature and solubility for ammonium nitrate?

    [1 mark]
    (ii)

    State how a result that does NOT fit the trend would appear on a solubility curve.

    [1 mark]
    (c)

    Give the correct term for a solution in which no more solute can dissolve at a particular temperature, and undissolved solid is present.

    [1 mark]
    (d)

    State the equation used to calculate solubility in g per 100g of water from experimental mass data.

    [1 mark]
    (e)

    Explain briefly why it is important to pour off only the solution and not any undissolved solid during the experiment.

    [1 mark]
    Answer and see the solution →