FRICTION AND BRAKING

State what is meant by the stopping distance of a vehicle.

Give two different factors that can increase the thinking distance of a driver.

Describe how the condition of the tyres and the road surface affect the braking distance of a car. Explain your answer.

A car is travelling at 60 mph. The thinking distance is 18 m and the braking distance is 55 m. Calculate the total stopping distance.

State what is meant by the 'stopping distance' of a vehicle, and name its two components.

A driver is travelling at 30 mph in dry conditions. The thinking distance for this speed is 9 m and the braking distance is 14 m.

Describe how the following factors each affect a car's braking distance.

Give a brief explanation for each factor.

A cyclist travels along a road on a foggy morning. Suddenly, a dog runs out in front of them. The cyclist has good brakes and new tyres, but still almost hits the dog.

Explain two reasons, using your knowledge of physics, why the cyclist nearly failed to stop in time. (3)

A car and a heavy lorry both apply their brakes with the same force while travelling at the same speed on a dry road. The lorry travels further before stopping.

Explain why the lorry takes longer to stop than the car, even though the braking force is the same.

State two factors (other than the speed of the vehicle) that can increase the thinking distance of a driver.